Glossary

Revision as of 21:59, 19 December 2007

The Dragon's Glassory:

A glossary of glass terms.

a (alpha):

See "Thermal Coeeficient of Expansion."

Acid Etched:

A name registered to a type of Art Glass, made of two layers and two colors of cased glass. Made in the US by Frederick Cader, c 1932.

Acid Etching:

The process of etching glass with hydrofluoric acid or ammonium fluoride, stencils and resist of wax or some greasy substance was developed during the 1870s in American Glass Houses. Decorative designs are made by cutting or eating the glass away. Acid Polishing:

The use of a hydrofluoric acid bath to polish glass.

A Cordeline:

See Vitro di trina. Accomac Cut:

1880s to 1890s pattern of popular cut glass.

Acorn:

Pattern of pressed glass with an acorn pattern on the ribbing.

Acute Angles:

Angles that are less than 90 degrees, and can affect seals.

Adams & Company Glass:

A Pittsburgh made pressed glass from 1851, to some forms as late as the 1890s. Noted patterns were: Baltimore Pear (Fig till aprox. 1887 or Gypsy) Daisy and Button (with thumb print) Hidalgo Hobnail with Fan Moon and Star Thousand Eye Wildflower

Advertising Ware:

Glass that advertises its maker, the art of a glass, or a line of glass. Aetna Glass:

See Johnson Glass Works.

Agata Glass:

A glass characterized by its mottle look. The technique drizzled volatile liquids onto the glass before refiring. Clear glass and some Amberina glass used this finishing technique. Agate Glass:

A glass made at the Pittsburgh, Sandwich factories, and few few other places, it was made from 1850 through 1900s. Blast furnace slag (a form of glass) was mixed with glass to produce of chocolates, caramels, agates and leathers. It was often variegated and with striations of milk glass tints.

Air Ring:

The elongated inclusion of air the encircles a paperweight by the base, often above and below a torsade.

Air Twists:

A stem type from the 18th century. Air is trapped as longitudinal channels, it is drawn out in a process of elongation and twisting the mass of glass.

Alabaster Glass:

Glass made by James Lloyd at the Sandwich Glass Works, considered an fine imitation of alabaster ware..

Alabastron:

Greek A small flask or bottle for perfumes and oils. Appearance often having flat lips, thin neck, cylindrical bodies, and two small side handles.

Albany Glass:

A noted glass factory in Albany, N.Y., first established in the 1780s. Production included: bottles carboys jars window glass

Almond:

Or Pointed Thumb Print. A pressed glass with hollowed facets likened to a thumb print having pointed facets.

Almorrata:

A Early Spanish glass where vessels have a narrow base and loops to hang, sporting a big central neck and four tapered spouts on the belly.

Alte Schweiss:

Literal for "Old Swiss." Reference to early enameled, bi-colored, or decorated glass.

Alumnia Hydrate:

Al2 O3 Common crystalline compound used as abrasive and refractories.

Aluminoborosiclicate:

SiO2, Al2O3, CaO and B2O3 A glass that is highly resistant to chemical corrosion.

Amberina:

Also called partially colored glass. Dates from 1833 and patented in 1883 for the New England Glass Company of East Cambridge, Mass., and made through the 1890s by its successor, the Libbey Glass Company of Ohio. Manufactured also under the name rose amber in New Bedford, Mass. This blended-color glass is characterized by the lower part of a piece colored a yellowish amber color that merges into a ruby-red color up higher on the work, blending from dark to light. A wide range of table and ornamental wares with diamond designs or swirled ribbing was produced with Amberina glass.

Amber Slag:

Milk white glass having streaks of caf³ au lait and chocolate swirls.

Amelung Glass:

A soda lime glass, non lead glass with smoky or greenish tones that is engraved and cut with Bohemian and German patterns. John F. Amelung from Bremen, Germany helped start the German Company open a glass house in the United States. at New Bremen, MD.

American Flint Glass Works:

Glass works of the Southwick & Co., in Wheeling, Va., dating from the 1840s. Known for its blown mold and pressed glass, flint and colored glass. Production included: blown mold blown flint colored glass pressed glass

American System:

Reference to flask that mold blown, having the slogan "American System." A commemoration over tariffs to prevent British goods dumping in the United States.

Amphoriskos:

Greek Toiletry flask often with an appearance of inverted pear shape usually tapered to point or button foots.

Angelic Cut:

Cut glass pattern of the 1880s.

Animal Dishes:

Pressed covered glass dishes with animal forms.

Animal Headed Glass:

Pressed glass with lids having shapes of animal heads, or having knobs with animal heads (usually frosted) or full figures.

Animalistic Glass:

Animals charterized in glass.

Anthemion:

Greek, stands for honeysuckle. Pressed glass pattern having a honeysuckle flower on a stippled background.

Anneal:

The controlled cooling of hot glass to remove stress.

Anneal Cool:

The point where glass has cooled throught the annealing soak termperature to its srain point. It is important that the cooling rate is slow so residual stress does not mature.

Annealer:

The insulated structure for annealing glass.

Annealer Face:

A impression made onto a piece of glass from the annealer surfaces. It can be caused when a piece is placed in the annealer while too hot, or the annealer temperature is set too high.

Annealing:

The process of controlled gradual cooling of an object after a hot-working process, so the the thicker and thinner parts cool at the same rate. The annealing process prevents the development of stresses that damage glass, toughening it. Annealing is done in a oven or Lehr and allows a uniform cooling rate for varying thickness of parts of an object. Done in stages: the anneal soak and anneal cool.

Annealing Chamber or Oven:

See lehr.

Annealing Point:

The temperature of about 35 to 40 degrees F. overt the strain point where internal stress in glass is quickly reduced.

Annealing Range:

The range of temperature for annealing an object. This range varies upon the composition of the object. It exist from above the strain point to the anneal soak temperature.

Annealing Soak:

Stage of cooling that is held constant allowing stress in glass to stabilize.

ANSI:

American National Standards Institute. The organization that sets safety standards for industrial equipment. The organization that sets the standard of measuring the proerties of different materials, including glass.

Annular:

A disk bead with a relatively large opening.

Apple Green:

Ideally means a clear pale green.

Applied Handles:

Pressed glass. Prior to 1865, handles were attached as hot rods that were crimped on. In 1865 a special pressing technique was perfected for attaching handles.

Applied Stem:

See stuck stem.

Aquadag:

Graphite powder in a colloidal suspension that is used for mold release and to resurface tools for forming glass.

Arabesque:

Bakewell of Pittsburgh pattern of pressed glass having bands of dotted loops with an overall look as stippled and dotted keyholes.

Arbitration Mug:

Beer mugs having the figures of employers and labor shaking hands pressed into the handles.

A retortoli:

See lattimo.

Argus:

Bakewell of Pittsburgh produced this pressed glass pattern with big vertical thumb prints, like Ashburton, or big ovals.

Arrow Cane:

Also called Crow's-foot. A section of millefiori created from rods having a three pronged arrow configuration.

Aryballos:

Greek A globular shaped toiletry flask with side handles.

Asbestos:

A form of hydrated magnesium silicate the is fibrous and fireproof. Gloves made of it are resistant to extreme heat associated with glass working.

Ashburton:

An early glass pattern beginning in the mid 1830s, described with big curvate thumb print panels. The pattern was later called Colonial, and still is produced with modern techniques.

Aspirator:

A device for making a vacume, powered by attaching to a water faucet.

Atlantic Glass:

A little glass furnace in Crowleytown, N.J..

Atmosphere:

Condition of air in a kiln which can vary from oxidation (excess oxygen) to neutral to reduction (deficient of oxygen). In lampworking it refers the conditions that exist in a torch flame. An "oxidinzing" atmosphere is high in oxygen. A "reducing" atmoshere is low in oxygen and often softer and cooler. A reducing atmoshpere can discolor glass.

Attachment Seal:

Also called a side arm seal. A method of attaching a glass piece to the main body.

At the fire:

Reheating and reworking glass with additional blowing into larger or new shapes. Also, reheating glass at the glory hole.

Aventurine:

Italian for "by accident," also called goldstone. A colored glass with gold flakes of the 15th century. Also, in the 17th century crystals of copper provided a lustrous sheen, a method of super-saturating a batch of glass with copper and the copper crystallizes out.

Avoleo:

A piece of glass that connects one piece of glass to another. Often it is used in making goblets, connecting the bowl to the stem, or the stem to the foot.

Axis:

The line of center when rotating a glass rod.

Ayotte, Rick:

Know as the "bird man" of glass with regards to his paperweights. Aotte worked as a scientific glassblowers in Nashua and started his own business in 1970, Ayotte's Artistry in Glass which made hollow glassware gifts and solid crystal. In 1978 Ayotte Weishts came onto the market.

- B -

Baby Beaker:

Little glass jiggers for spirits.

Baby Face:

Press glass pattern with forms of Lion and Three Face. Variants had the frosted faces of three cherubim.

Baccarat:

Glassware first produced in Baccarat, France, at a glass manufacturing house of Compagnie des Cristalleries founded in 1764 or 1765 under the name Verrerie de Sainte, by Monseigneur de Montmorncy-Laval, Bishop of Metz; acquired by a Belgian manufacturer in 1817. Baccarat was among some of the best cut glass made in Europe in the 1800s. Helped shape the Art Deco style after being displayed at a 1925 Paris exposition. The company is now Compagnie des Cristalleries de Baccarat. Production included: Blown glass Lead glass Pressed glass Blown molded glass Paperweights

Bacchus Glass:

The Birmingham, England factory: Bucchus, Green & Green of the Union Glass Works was started in 1818. In 1833 it became the George Bacchus & Co.. In 1841, the year after the death of Bacchus, it became George Bacchus & Sons. In 1858 it became Bacchus & Sons. Production included: domestic glassware paperweights plate glass Venetian style glass

Bagot, Joseph:

New York City glass cutter of the 1810s.

Bakewell Glass:

A Pittsburgh glass factory that was set up by Benjamin Bakewell, is considered one of the great glass factories of the United States. Production included: Pressed glass Molded glass Cut glass

Ball and Swirl:

Pressed glass with rows of balls for base lines, edges and having swirled footing and covers.

Ball Covers:

Big blown glass balls that were reputed as being used as milk bowl covers.

Balloon:

A pressed glass pattern showing the flight of a balloon, found on some sugar bowl. It dates from about 1870s, possibly from Ohio, Pittsburgh or Philadelphia, or maybe Boston.

Balsam Bottle:

Glass bottles, that instead of a ground neck stoppers, feature an overturned cup shaped lid that sits over the neck onto the shoulder of the bottle. Some cup and shoulder of bottle may be ground for a better fit.

Baltimore Flint Glass Co.:

A flint glass manufacture founded in 1820 at Baltimore, Md., that operated to the 1840s or 50s.

Baltimore Glass:

Glass of the Maryland Glass Works at Baltimore that made bottled and flasks from 1850, they were a noted exhibitioner at the London Crystal Palace Exposition in 1851.

Baltimore Glass Works:

The noted glass works was started by Frederick Amelung, and others, in 1799. The plant carried on, under different management and owners, until the 1900s. Production included: Bottles Flask Druggist glass Window glass

Baltimore Pear:

A pressed glass pattern, of the 1880s, that sported a pair of figs on a fig leaf, and war originally named Fig.

Baluster Stem:

Balustra, meaning the flower of a pomegranate. A form of stem of English drinking glasses, adapted from pillars of staircase handrails, having nicely formed corolla tubes. The term is carried over to other crafts such as candle sticks and wood turning, etc..

Bamper Glass:

The Bamper Glass Works, sometimes referred to as "Bamper Hant," was started by the wealthy Dutch merchant, Loderwyk Bamper, and others, in 1754. It is assumed that the glass produced was done in the Dutch traditions.

Band:

A band, dated around the 1870s, that decorated varieties of Ashburton, that had a big thumb print with crisscross or ticktacktoe bands.

Banded:

Pressed glass patterns having stippled bands.

Barilla:

A plant from salt marshes of Alicante, Spain, and other areas of the Mediterranean. Burning the bushes is the source of soda ash for glass making, in the 15th and 16th centuries, in Europe and England.

Bar Lip:

A feature of bottles designed for heavy service, having a thick, heavy ringed lip. Found often on many 19th century glass, particularly on pressed and blown decanter.

Bar Windows:

Windows of close set bars of clear glass, admitting light but not allowing vision

Baril; Bariz; Barillette:

Bottle and flasks with barrel shapes.

Barley:

A pressed glass pattern of finely traced vines, more like hops than a spray of barley. Some pieces have stars, scallops or little panels.

Barrel Decanter:

Style of English decanters, from 1775, sporting wide mid-sections, strong necks, and often adorned with sets of rings. Stoppers were often balls or mushrooms.

Bartlett - Collens Glass Co.:

See Liberty Glass Co..

Basal Rim:

A feature of some paperweight. It is a foot ring, around the concave base of a paperweight, that protects the base from wear and chipping.

Basal Ring:

The flange found on some English paperweights that is created by in-cutting above the base, it is not a footed paperweight.

Base:

A paperweights bottom.

Base Glass:

The parent or bottom layer of glass, onto which other glass is fused. Also refers to the dominant glass used in fusing.

Basket:

A glass basket or funnel like decoration to hold decorative elements found around some paperweight designs, made from an outer row of millefiori canes.

Basket Weave:

Pressed glass patterns imitating flat with basket weaving.

Batch:

The proportioned raw materials mixture (cullet, sand, soda, lead oxide, lime, potash, etc.), that is heated in a crucible inside a furnace to form glass. Cullet can be a portion of a batch.

Bay State Glass Company:

Founded in the 1850s and operating to 1877, in Cambridge, Mass., this plant made a variety of glass. Production included: Bottles Cut glass Fine flint Lamps Molded glass Plain glass Silvered glass Vials Bead-forming:

See core-forming. The traditional process of making glass beads on metal rods.

Bead Release:

A compound made of daolin clay and alumina hydrate applied to the mandrel for bead making to help a bead release.

Beaded Swirl:

Pressed glass pattern featuring swirls of beads in diminishing sizes such as a strings of pearls.

Beaker:

Tall drinking glass, accommodating ten to sixteen ounces and on, having somewhat glared sides.

Bear Bottles:

Production of an early Pennsylvanian - German factory. Bear bottles also refer to containers of Russian production for kummel or vodka. The reference also includes ridged bottles having seal of a walking bear and the legend "California Fire Extinguisher." These held fire retardant chemicals.

Beecher, Henry Ward, Bottle:

Flask produced with the bust of Brooklyn preacher Henry Beecher, during the 1880s, having the name Beecher molded on the breast.

Bee Mark:

Later glass of the Higbee of Pittsburgh glass works in the 20th century that sported a characterization of a bee and letters HIG..

Belle Version Glass:

Glass of the Belle Vernon, Pa., glass works, from 1834 till the 1880s. Production included: Bottles Flask Hollow ware

Bellflower:

An old pressed glass pattern, from about the 1840s, with vertical ribbing and a horizontal bellflower vine.

Bells:

Table bells, of various forms, produced from the 18th century on by Nailsea Glass Works of England. Many were made offhand or after hours. The Liberty Bell style was produced for the Centennial. Pressed glass butter dishes with bell shaped covers, bottles and candy containers of the style were also produced.

Benchblow:

The technique were an assistant blows into blow pipe, while the gaffer, seated on a bench forms the glass.

Bench Torch:

A torch that is supported on a stand for working at the bench.

Bending:

The result of sagging or slumping of glass.

Benitier:

An open, shallow vessel used to hold baptismal or holy water, in churches or chapels.

Bentonite:

Aluminum silicate clays, with some magnesium and iron, used in adhesives, cements, ceramic fillers and shelf primers. Clays are characterized by sodium and calcium content that have high and low swelling characteristics.

Bent Glass:

The denotes glass that has been actively shaped, such as application of weights, over forms, rather than passive bending by gravity alone. Bending techniques help reduce surface marks and changes of thickness.

Benitier:

Holy water fonts of early molded and cut glass, for churches and chapels.

Betsy Ross Plate:

Pressed glass tea plate depicting Betsy Ross and pierced borders, made about the1880s or 1890s.

Beveling:

To finish an edge at other than 90 degrees with grinding and polishing.

Biberon:

Glass container with a sealed on cover. Its poring nozzle also served for filling the container.

Bigler:

Pressed glass pattern version of Ashburton with big thumb prints, horizontal bands, vertical bobbin shaped spear.

Bird on Nest Sugar Bowl:

Pressed glass bowls having a lifelike bird on nest depictions, produced by Valleryshtal & Portieux, of Lorraine until 1910.

Birmingham:

O'Leary & Mulvaney. Glass factory of the Pittsburgh region from 1832 to 1860. Production included: Colored glass ware Cut flint glass Fancy glass Molded glass

Bisque:

Bisque-ware molds are used in slumping and sagging techniques. It is a clay ware that is porous and not fired to maturity, but yet ceramically bonded.

Bit:

A small piece of glass.

Bit Boy:

A glass assistant.

Bitters Bottle:

Bottles produced for tonic with high alcohol contents, of some 450 types on record.

Black Glass:

True jet - black glass was a rare American production that included some known vases and covered sugar bowls. American black glass often was a deep red - purple or a dark green.

Blackberry:

Pressed glass patter often of porcelain glass, with banding of blackberry vines, leaves and fruits.

Blackberry and Grape:

Also called Loganberry and Grape. Pressed glass pattern depicting cluster each of blackberries and grapes.

Blank:

A solid piece of glass before cutting. A cut of sheet glass measured for the base to place the designs for fused glass, or reference to a raw, solid piece or glass to be shaped or patterned.

Blaze:

Pressed glass pattern with vertical ribbing ending on top with a strong twisting line.

Bleb:

The small bit of solid glass formed on the end of a tube when sealing glass by pulling from the end. It is some what thercker lens ahps spot melted in to the end of the tube. The bleb can be removed by pulling it off with a glass tube when hot.

Blister:

Large bubbles in sheet and float glass are defects, but sometimes it can be a desired characteristic of art glass.

Blobbing:

The embedding of colored glass chips to create blobs of contrasting color on an object's surface.

Block:

Refers to a tool also called a paddle. Also, pressed glass patterns of big irregular blocks. Also, round wooden molds for centering glass.

Block with Thumb Print:

Pressed glass pattern, like Diamond, having horizontal and vertical division separating blocks, each having an indented thumb print, made in about 1876.

Blocking:

The gather is shaped in a glass mold.

Blow Hose:

A rubber hose, conected to a glass tube, sometimes with a swivel for rotating, that makes it easier to manipulate and/or to see when blowing on a piece of tubing.

Blow Out the End:

Also, blowing out a kidney or sausage. A method of cutting glass tubing. A gob is formed on the end of glass tubing and blown into a thin ball and broken off, then fire polished.

Blow Pipe

The hollow tube, usually of metal, for blowing glass.

Blowing:

The process of inflating a blob of glass to form a shape. The glass is gathered at the end of a "blow pipe," or is an enclosed cylinder of soft glass canes. See also: Dip mold blowing Free blowing Full mold blowing Closed cylinder blowing

Blown Glass Classification:

Classification system for blown glass suggested by Samuel Laidacker in 1941.

Blown Mold Glass:

Glass that has been mold blown in part or in whole.

Blown Reproductions:

Reproduction of blown glass using old formulas, old glass as cullet, traditional tools and techniques. Such glass can be mistaken easily as originals.

Blown Glass:

Free blown as opposed to rolling or drawing. The traditional process of glass production where a molten gather is rolled on a flat surface or marver, and air is blown through a blowpipe, inflating the glass for shaping.

Blowpipe:

A hollow pipe, usually made of a mild steal, for gathering and blowing glass. Glass tubes that are used in flame working.

Blowtorch:

Also called lamp or torch. The gas burner used to heat glass rods for lampworking.

Boaters:

Or Sailors. Glass straw hats, often of milk glass, decorated in colors, flower sprays and gilded emotional verses.

Bobeche:

Circular, shallow cups with central holes for holding sockets of candlesticks.

Bohemian Glass:

Glass actually produced in Bohemia in the styles of Venice and Murano, known for splendid cutting and engraving. The glass was copied by German glass makers who laid claim to the style.

Bone Glass:

Milk white enamel that integrated jaw bones and teeth of horses and cattle to obtain opacity and perceived virtues.

Boot Glass:

Drinking glasses styled as a boot either free blown, mold blown or pressed. Many variations including engraved, cut or enameled; some later styles were match or tooth pick holders.

Borsell:

Italian. A tool with a tong shape used to shape glass. They can have patterns on the jaws to impress the glass (borella puntata).

Borosilicate:

SiO2, B2O3 and Al2O3 A glass with relatively higher amounts of siclica and boron than soda lime glass, and words at a higher temperature and is called a "hard" glass. A low-expansion, heat-resistant glass good for scientific apperatus, glass like: PyrexTM, KimaxTMand DuranTM.

Boston Crown Glass Co.:

Factory that operated from 1787 to the 1790s and was known for its hollow ware and window glass.

Boston Silver Glass Co.:

Factory that operated from 1858 until the 1870s, making flint and mercury glass ware. Silvered ware (mercury) included: Chalices Door knobs Curtain hold backs Goblets Etc.

Bottle Pitchers:

Pitchers made after blowing glass in a bottle mold.

Bouquet:

One or more flowers creating a floral design in paperweight.

Bouquet de Mariage:

The mushroom design, found in paperweights, where the mass of a mushroom is made of white stardust canes.

Bouquetier:

Glasses with tazza or champagne glass style used for wine or to show flowers.

Bow Lathe:

A lathe that is powered with a thonged bow powering the lathe spindle.

Bowl Salts:

Saltcellars of 18th century blown glass usually having a goblet shape.

Box:

The annealer.

Box it:

To place into an annealer.

Bradford Blackberry:

Pressed glass pattern with vines, leaves and berries curling around plain panel. Emma Bradford, a collector, is credited with its discovery.

Braintree Glass:

Glass (only bottles are known) produced in Braintree, Mass., from 1750 to 1752.

Brandy Fruits:

Jars blown for commercial use for the preservation of fruits in brandies and their syrups.

Breast Button:

Glass breast pump produced in America staring in 1750.

Bridgeport Glass:

Green glass bottles and table ware produced in Bridgeport, Pa., from about 1812 to 1847.

Bridgeton:

Glass factory in New Jersey, that made bottles, flasks and vials from about 1836 to the 1870s.

Bridging:

A temporary support used when working glass.

Broken Swirl:

Blown glass pattern with tooled horizontal indentations or panels, or molded similar patterns that form an angular swirl.

Brooklyn Glass:

J. L. Gilliland & Co., started the plant in 1822, operated for 45 years, producing a variety and styles of glass. The moved to Corning, N.Y., becoming the Corning Glass Company. Production included: Cut glass Hollow ware Lamps Lantern glass Lenses Vases

Brownsville Glass Works:

Factory at Brownsville, Pa., producing bottles and wares from the 1820s to the 1880s.

Bryce, McKee & Co.:

Pittsburgh, Pa., factory started in the 1850s. Production included: Apothecaries Perfumery Table ware

BTU:

British Thermal Units is the amount of heat that raises one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit.

Bubbles:

See air twist, seeds and teardrops.

Buckle Patterns:

Pressed glass with varieties of oval and waffle patterns.

Bud Glasses:

Small, 2 ü to 4 inch, tumbler like vessels of solid glass with a shallow cone shaped depression. The vessels date from the 1850s to the1890s and were used to show off a single, short stem blossom at contests and shows. Also, these displayed artificial and dried flowers.

Bull's Eye:

Also known as Lawrence. Pressed glass pattern .

Bull's Eye:

Blown Glass. See Crown Glass

Bull's Eye and Heart:

See Heart and Thumbprint.

Bunker Hill Bottle:

Pressed glass perfume bottle with the shape of the Bunker Hill Monument. Produced from 1876 to the 1880s, it was about fifteen inches high, with a ground glass stopper. Also a reference to a pickle jar featuring a view of Bunker Hill Monument, and labeled "Bunker Hill Pickles."

Burgin & Pearsall Glass:

Kensington. Factory the operated from around 1845, making green, and white glass wares.

Burmese Glass:

Mount Washington Glass Co., of New Bedford, Mass., factory that was known for its art glass, blown and pressed. Reputed to contain uranium, the glass has shades ranging from rose pink to light yellow, and was produced for a period of ten years.

Butt Seal:

The creation of one piece of rod or tube form two pieces by joining them end to end.

Butter Dishes:

A European vogue that became popular in America during the 1870s. Butter dishes of pressed glass, replaced blown glass, and have been made in many styles and shapes. Production often is crystal or light green; but, amber, green, yellow, blue, milk, or clear glass can be found.

Button:

A disc like expansion in the middle of a tube. A flat disc made by pressing the end of hot glass rod onto a surface.

Buttons, Glass:

Buttons of glass, in special colors, have been produced by many manufacturers in a variety of styles. Most often these items had other uses, such as bracelets, earring, or necklaces.

Button Stems:

A wide band or bands resembling the rims of buttons found on stems of compotes, goblets, tazzas and wineglasses.

Butt Seal:

The connection where two rods or tubes are fused.

Check me out! © 2008 All Rights Reserved Snodgrass Glass Supply

This website is ran by www.blackdragonglass.com for the artist.

reprinted by permission of bob snodgrass; http://www.snodgrass.net/

Check me out! © 2008 All Rights Reserved Snodgrass Glass Supply

This website is ran by www.blackdragonglass.com for the artist.